new york is one of the world’s mega-cities, known as the “Capital of the World”, nicknamed the “Big Apple” by Americans, and the largest financial, commercial, trade and cultural center in the United States. The city is located in the Hudson River estuary in southeast New York, in the north temperate zone, bordering the Atlantic Ocean, with a mild and humid climate. With an area of 780 square kilometers and apopulation of more than 8 million, it is the most important transportation hub and the busiest seaport city in the world. New york City consists of five administrative districts: Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Island. In addition, it also includes small islands such as Liberty Island, Ellis Island, Governors Island and Roosevelt Island. New york has a history of more than 300 years. The earliest settlement was at the southern tipof Manhattan Island, which was originally the residence of Indians. In 1524, the Italian Frazao Noel first came to the estuary area. In 1609, the British Hudson explored along the river, and the river was named after him. In 1626, the Dutch bought Manhattan Island from the Indians with small objects worth about 60 Dutch guilders (equivalent to US$ 24) and turned it into a tradingpost, which was called “New Amsterdam”. In 1664, the Duke of York, the younger brother of King charles ii of England, occupied thisplace and renamed it new york (that is, New York, England has Yorkshire). New york was founded in 1686. During the War of Independence, new york was the headquarters of George Washington and theplace where he became the firstpresident of the United States, and it was also the temporary capital of the United States at that time. In 1825, the Erie Canal connecting the Hudson River and the Great Lakes was opened to traffic, and later a railway was built, which connected new york with the central and western regions andpromoted the great development of the city. By the mid-19th century, new york had gradually become the largestport city in the United States and an international metropolis integrating finance, trade, tourism, culture and art. New york is the largest economic center in the United States and the third largest industrial center in China after Chicago and Los Angeles. Clothing andpublishing industry are the mostprosperous industries; Followed by chemicals, electrical appliances, metalproducts, food, cosmetics, toys and oil refining. The clothing industry is concentrated in Manhattan and is one of the largest clothing centers in the world. Theprinting andpublishing industry is concentrated in the urban area, with the headquarters of famous nationalpublishing houses. New york is the financial and securities trading center of the United States and the world. There are many skyscrapers on Wall Street in the south of Manhattan Island, where dozens of large banks, insurance companies and stock exchanges are concentrated, as well as the general managers of hundreds of large industrial companies and transportation companies. New york is also the most developed transportation area in the United States. The coastline of new york Port Area is more than 1,200 kilometers long, with a water depth of 9. There are more than 400 13-meter berths and modern loading and unloading, dry dock and storage facilities. The freight volume ranks second in the country and foreign trade ranks first in the country. Ports, rivers, railways, highways and aviation form an integrated transportation system. John? Kennedy International Airport is one of the airports with the largestpassenger and cargo flow in the world. Between the islands belonging to the metropolitan area, there are many bridges and many tunnels under the river. New york is also the national center of culture, education, television and broadcasting. There are 94 universities and colleges, 976public schools and 914private schools. City University of new york is the largest, and Columbia University is the earliest established university in the city and the most famousprivate university. Followed by new york University, etc. Fuerte ham and St. John’s University are famous Catholic schools. In addition, there are many museums, art galleries, libraries, scientific research institutions and art centers. Among them, the most famous Metropolitan Museum of Art is the largest one in America. The natural history museum is also famous. New york’sparks,playgrounds, beaches, theaters, opera houses, concert halls and galleries rank first in the country. There are more than 100parks alone. The Statue of Liberty, which stands on Liberty Island, is regarded as the “landmark” of new york City. It was built in 1886 as a gift from the Frenchpeople to commemorate the American War of Independence and the friendshipbetween the twopeoples. The base of the Statue of Liberty is about 100 meters high, and there are spiral stairs and elevators to reach the head of the Statue of Liberty. Inside the head is a viewing hall that can accommodate more than 40people and can overlook thepanoramic view of theport area. Among all the districts in new york, Manhattan occupies the most importantposition, and is known as the “heart of new york”. It is located on the island of the same name, with an area of 80 square kilometers, which is the smallest among the five districts. Broadway runs diagonally from southeast to northwest across the island, where most of the island’s famous hotels, restaurants, department stores,professional shops, theaters, concert halls and museums are concentrated. In the middle of this area, there is Rockefeller Center, where many skyscrapers gather. For example, the Empire State Building, located at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 34th Street in the south of this area, was completed in 1931, with a height of 381 meters and 102 floors. The southwest of the central area is the “clothing industry area”. To the north is Times Square, where business is flourishing. In the west of the central area, on the banks of the East River, the headquarters of the United Nations is located, and the 39-story United Nations Secretariat Building (UN Building) stands; To the north is the United Nations conference hall, and to the south is the United Nations library with hundreds of thousands of books. To the north of the central area is the Central Park, and to the west of thepark is the Lincoln Center, which is the art and cultural center of the United States, and famous symphony orchestras, opera troupes and ballet companies from all over the world oftenperform here. At the southern end of Manhattan Island, there are many offices in the city hall and the federal, state, city and county. Its southeast is Wall Street, which runs east-west, diagonally crossing Broadway. The northern end of Manhattan Island is Harlem, a black community, and there is Coney Island in the south of the island. There is only a narrow waterway between the two islands, which is one of the areas for holiday travel. Manhattan is located in the Bronx with a narrow Harlem River in the northeast, covering an area of about 140 square kilometers. It faces the water on three sides, and only the north is connected with the mainland, which is the only area of new york on the mainland. There are large-scale modern trainpassengers and freight stations, and the industry and commerce are very developed. Brooklyn is located in the west of Long Island. The main industrial and commercialpoints are close to the East River, which is called the essence of Long Island. There is a “forest mountain” in the center of the area, next to which is thepark of the same name, which was built in 1913 and has beautiful scenery. Staten Island, which faces Manhattan and Brooklyn across new york Bay in the northeast, has the leastpopulation and the smallest economy among the five districts. There are manyparks, beaches and health resorts on the southeast and south coasts. The main attractions in new york include EmpireStateBuilding, RockefellerCenter, StatueofLiberty, TheUnitedNations, Chinatown in China City, TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt, WallStreet, etc. In 2009, the GDP of world cities ranked 1-Tokyo-8028. 500 million USD 2-new york-4159. 400 million USD 3-London-2909. 600 million USD 4-Los Angeles-2003. 100 million dollars 5-Osaka-1943. 200 million USD 6-Hong Kong-1721. 300 million dollars 7-Chicago-1491. 700 million dollars 8-Toronto-1448. 200 million USD 9-Mexico City-1271. 900 million USD 10-Montreal-1152. 400 million USD 11-Shanghai-1152. 200 million USD 12-Yokohama-1138. 300 million USD 13-Nagoya-1071. 300 million USD 14-Berlin-1031. 600 million dollars 15-Houston-1033. 200 million USD 16-Madrid-998. 500 million USD 17-Seoul-991. 800 million dollars 18-Hamburg-971. 400 million USD 19-Singapore-969. 500 million USD 20-Paris-945. $700 million